Machine tool



C. A. BICKEL Aug. 11, 1936.

MACHINETOOL 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 5, 1932 INVENTQR m N a R 4%. p T e A mm aw O TQE Aug. 11, 1936. c, A, B CKEL 2,050,746,

MACHINE TOOL Filed Feb. 5, 1932 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 LLL- +9 INVENTOR v 3 BY "L A-r-ro NEY:

c. A. BICKEL 2,050,746

MACHINE TOOL Filed Feb. 5, 1932 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTO R CLIFFORD B/(AEL izswzi a, A.

ATTORNEY Aug. 11, 1936. c. A. BICKEL I 2,050,746

- MACHINE TOOL Filed Feb. 5, 1932 8 Sheets-Sheet- 5 Il'mu A TTORNEYS.

Aug. 11, 1936.v c. A. BICKEL 2,050,746

MACHINE TOOL Filed Feb. 5, 1932 8'Sheets-Sheeh6 INVENTOR.

CL IF FORD 4. BIC/(EL m A TTORNEYS.

Aug. 11, 1936. c. A. BICKEL 2,050,746

MACHINE TOOL I Filed'Feb. 5, 1932 8 Sheets-Sheet '7' ug 1936- c. A. BICKEL 2,059,746

MACHINE TOOL I Filed Feb. 5, 1952 8- Sheets-Sheet 8 A TTORNEYS.

Patented Aug. 11, 1936 UNITED STATES momma 'roor. ouuoi-o A. Bickel, Sidney, Ohio, assignor to The Monarch Machine Tool Company, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Sidney,

Application February 5, 1982, Serial No. 591,159

22 Claims. (CI. 82-21) My invention relates to machine tools and in particular to a method of operation and an apparatus for performing a method of applying tools in separate groups to a work piece. The

work piece may be cut longitudinally by one tool or a group of tools and may be cut transversely by another tool or group of tools.

It is one object of the invention to provide a system of electric circuits operable as a unit, preferably from a common source of power, by which one carriage can be automatically operated into the work, along the work, from the work and back toan initial position automatically, the depth of cut of its tool being regulated as desired, and the other tool or group of tools being arranged to proceed to the work, into the work and out of the work. a

It is a further object to provide means by which the return of the tool or group of tools may be effected more rapidly automatically by the arrangement of the circuits than the initial movement of the tool. Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of the tool with its apron and head stock casing partially broken away to disclose the gearing therein.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the tool.

Figure 3 is an end elevation from the righthand end of the tool with the carriages and tool slides broken'away to indicate the screw and block mechanisms.

7 Figure 4 is an end elevation from the left-hand end of the tool.

Figure 5. is a front elevation of the rear apron broken away to show in detail aportion of the gearing, particularly in connection with the hand feed and the feed rod feed for the cross slide.

Figure 6 is a top plan view thereof with the apron broken away.

Figure 7 is a, top plan view with the apron broken away of the front apron.

Figure 8 is a section on the line B-8 of Figure 4 showing the change speed gearing for the feed rod for the front apron.

Figure 9 is a section through the gear box on the line 9-9 of Figure 4 for the front apron.

Figure 10 is a section on the line lO-ill of Figure9.

Figure 11 is a wiring diagram.

Figure 12 is a section on the line l2--l2 of Figure 3. i

Figure 18 is an end elevation of the rear slide drive motor and gear box. Figure 14 is a, section on the line- "-44 of Figure 13.

Referring to the drawings in detail, i indicates the legs supporting the bed 2 of a lathe having a. head stock casing 3 in which the head stock shaft l, is mounted carrying the head stock spindle 5. This shaft 4 is operated through the gear 6, worm 1, gear 8, pinion 9, shaft ill, sprocket ll, chain l2, sprocket l3 driven from the motor in the base designated as it.

The control of the starting and stopping of the spindle is effected through the hand lever [5 operating the shaft 16, the yoke i1 and the 'clutch l8. The details of this mechanism are not important and are not therefore generally.

indicated. They may be of any conventional character. l9 indicates the tail stock and 20 the tail stock spindle.

The tool is provided with two carriages, a

The front carriage is mounted upon the front of the machine and is designated 2|. It is provided with an apron 22. It may be moved longitudinally by the hand wheel 23 through the pinion 2 E, gear 25 and pinion 26 engaging the stationary rack 21 on the tool bed 2.

It is operated under power by the feed rod 20, worm 23, gear 30, shaft 3|, gear 32, gear 88, shaft 34, pinion 35, gear 25 and pinion 28 to the rack 21. The feed rod is in turn operated by its motor 37 which carries a worm 38 engaging the worm wheel 39 on the shaft 40, which has a pinion M driving the gear 62 on the shaft 43 which carries one half of the m gnetic clutch 4t engageable with theother half of the magnetic clutch 45 on shaft B6 carrying the gear 471. The gear '51 meshes with the gear 48 on the driven shaft 59 that carries on its extreme end I the worm 60.

The worm 50 engages the gear 5!. The-gear 58 is mounted on the shaft 52 mounted within the gear box 53 which carries the change speed,

The gear 5|, gear 60, gear 8| 63 and gear 51 are connected together and loose on the'shaft. Gears 86, 65 and 66 turn with the 1 shaft 61 but are splined thereto for lateral movement. Likewise gears 88 and are mounted on the shaft 81.

. Returning to FigurelO, it will be noted;

the reverse movement can be imparted to the feed-rod 28 through the gear lo eng zlnlthe gear 42, shaft 1I, magnetic clutch members 12 and 13, shaft 14 and gear 15. By alternately energizing the magnetic clutches 44-45 or 12- 13, this reverse movement can be effected to give a movement in opposite directions to the front carriage.

Front carriage transverse feed The front carriage transverse feed is effected by the motor 16 which operates niewerm "I1,'

worm wheel 18, shaft 19, gear 80, gear 8| on the shaft 82, gear 82a and screw shaft 82b which engages the bock 83 on the cross slide 84;: On the cross slide 84 is mounted the tool slide 85 having a tool holder 86 which in turn carries the tool 81. The tool slide carries a stop bracket 08 which engages a stop screw 89 mounted on the carriage,.which limits the inward movement of the tool into the work. The cross slide is adjusted by the hand levers 90 and the tool ber 91 which is engaged by the stop 98 on the carriage for moving it against the contact members 98 and I00. The purpose of this switch when closed at the end of the longitudinal movement of the carriage and tool is to cause the tool to back out away from the work. When the tool backs out to a point where the stop IOI on the mrriage engages the switch member I02 closing the contact members I03 and I04, then the carriage is moved to the right hand rapidly. This continues until the stop I05 moves the contact member I06 away from the terminals I01 and I08, bringing the carriage to rest.

Rear carriage Turning to the rear carriage as shown in Figures 5 and s, it will be that longitudinal movement of the carriage I09 with its apron H0 is effected by the hand. wheel III operating a shaft 2, pinion II3,-gear II4, pinion H5 onthe stationary rack I15 carried on the tool bed. The longitudinal adjustment of carriage is manual. i a The feed'of the tool or tools carried by the rearoarriage to and from the work is through the feed rod I-I1, worm H8, wormgear I I9, pinion I20 :on shaft IZI, gear I22, pinion I23 on shaft I2l,gear I25, shaft I26, pinion I21 on a cross slide screw shaft I28 which is threaded in the cross slide block I28 carried on the-cross slide "0.. Mounted on the cross slide is the tool slide I9I which is moved by the tool slide screw I32 andhand lever 133, which screw operates .in the block I34 on the crossslide A tool carrier or carriers I35 carry the tools 136. The carriage isi-iil ifid fihroigh its sggew I2 0,. and throu h the hancllever 131., H

The feed rod II1 for the, rear carriage is operated by its motor I38 through the shaft I 39. The worm I40; worm gear I, shaft I-42,.gear I43, gear "I44, shaft I45, magnetic clutch I46-'I4 1 and war 8 which meshes with the gear I49,

netic clutch 155-54, shaft-4 55, gear;456,,-gear= .z l4lto shaft The worm air-engages the gear 5Ia. The gear 5I.a is mounted on the shaft 52a within the gear box 53a which carries the change speed gear shift levers 54a, 55a, and 56a. The shaft 52a carries the gear 51a which meshes with the gear 580. that is connected to the shaft 59a connected to the feed rod I I1. The gear 5 la, gear 60a, gear 6Ia and gear" 620. are fastened to the shaft 52a. Gear 63:; and gear 51a are connected together and loose .on the shaft.

away from the contact members I62 and IE3,-

bringing the tool slide to rest.

Wiring diagram 'TO start the operation of the tool after the tool 81 has been brought to the work bythe engagement of the bracket 88 with the stop 89, I close the starter'button I64 across the terminais I55, I66 and I61, which results in closing the switch I68 by energizing coil I69. This also results in closing the switch I10 having its coil I1I energized. This results in the closing of the clutch 12-13 for feeding of the front carriage to the left through the motor a1. This circuit results in energizing the magnet I46--I41 so that the motor I38 canfeed the cross slide on the rear carriage inward1y. This continues until the switch 96 is closed to the cross-terminals 99 and 1-90. results in, opening the two-pole contactor I68. This results in the magnet 92a controlling the apron motor closing so that the apron motor will feed the tool 01 out at the end of the longitudinal movement' Upon the closing of this switch, switch I02 being closed, the threepole contactor I13 is closed. -In doing so, the switch arm I14 is so moved that the front carriage'rheosta't I15 which has'reduced the speed of the motor 31 is shunted, permitting full speed of the motor on its return movement. "This circuit being closed, two-pole contactor I12 is re- This' results in energizing the magnetic clutch 44-45, permitting the motor 31 120 drive the front carriage rapidly to the right until the stop I55 engages'sw'itch I06 and breaks the contact-of'that switch with the terminals 101 and I08, Upon opening the. switch I05, the threepole' contactor I13 is also opened,- the carriage being stopped at starting position.

re'a-r carriage continues inwardly until thestop I58 closes the-switch I51, energizing the j three-pole switch I16 and thereby opening the two-pole contactor I10, magnetic clutch l46- I41 and closing the magnetic clutch I53'I54 for the purpose of moving the carriage outwardly and at. the same time by the movement of the switch. arm I11, shunting the rheostat I18 permitting the motor I 30 to withdraw the cross slide rapidly, which continues until the stop I58 engages the switch I6I, thereby rendering theentire system inoperative and bringing the cross slidetorest.

lt-willvbe further-understood that I- desire to comprehend within my invention such meritfications as may be necessary to adapt it to varying conditions and uses.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

-1. In .a machine tool having means for rotatably supporting a work piece, a longitudinally movable carriage, a transversely movable slide carrying a tool, an electric motor for operating the carriage longitudinally, electric means for controlling the application of power by said motor, an electric motor for operating the slide transversely, a switch for operating 'the slide .motor upon the movement of the carriage to a predetermined limit, and a switch controlling said electric means for reversing the movement of the carriage by the movement of the slide.

2. In a machine tool having means for rotatably supporting a work piece, a longitudinally movable carriage, a transversely movable slide carrying a tool, .an electric motor for operating the carriage longitudinally, electric means for controlling the application of power by said motor, an electric motor for operating the slide transversely, a switch for operating the slide motor upon the movement of the carriage to a predetermined limit, a switch controlling said electric means for reversing the movement of the carriage by the movement of the slide, and a third switch for rendering both motors inoperative upon the movement .of the carriage to a predetermined position.

3. In a machine tool having means for rotatably supporting a work piece, a longitudinally movable carriage, a transversely movable.- slide carrying a tool, an electric-motor for operating the carriage longitudinally, electric means for controlling the application of power by said motor, an electric motor for operating the slide transversely, a switch for operating the slide motor upon the movement of the carriage to a predetermined limit, a switch controlling said electric means for reversing the movement of the carriage by the movement of the slide, and a third switch for rendering both motors inoperative upon the movement of the carriage to a predetermined position, one of said motors being carried by the carriage. v

4. In a machine tool having means for ro tatably supporting a work piece, a carriage slidable on the machine tool, a cross slide slidable thereon, means to limit the movement of the cross. slide inwardly, a tool on said cross slide, an electric motor to move'said carriage and cross slide longitudinally, electric ,mans for controlling the application of power by said motor, a second electric motor for moving said cross slide transversely of the tool, a switch operated by the. slide for controlling the carriage movement, a switch controlling said electric meansoperated by the carriage for controlling the slide movement, and a third switch for rendering both motors inoperative to move the carriage on the slide. 5. In a machine tool having means for rotatably supporting a work piece, a carriage slidable on the machine tool, a. cross slide slidable thereon, means to limit the movement'of the cross slide inwardly, a tool on said cross slide, an electric motor to move said carriage and cross slide longitudinally with gearing connected thereto, a second electric motor for moving said cross slide transversely of the tool, a switch operated by the slide ior controlling the car- .riage movement, a switch operated by the carriage for controlling the slide movement, a third switch for rendering both motors inoperative to move the carriage on the slide, magnetic clutches in circuit with the carriage moving motor and gearing associated therewith, whereby the operation of the switches will select the magnetic clutch necessary for the .motor to .drive the carriage in a predetermined direction.

6. In a machine .tool having means for rotatably supporting a work piece; a carriage slidable on the machine tool, a cross slide slidable thereon, means to limit the movement of the cross slide inwardly, a tool on said cross slide, a motor to move said carriage and cross slide longitudinally with gearing connected thereto, a second motor for moving said cross slide transversely of the tool, a switch operated by the slide for controlling the carriage movement,

a switch operated by the carriage for controlling the slide movement, a thirdswitchfor rendering both motors inoperative to move thecarriage on the slide, magnetic clutches in circuit.

with the carriage moving motor and gearing associated therewith, whereby the operation of the switches will select the magnetic clutch necessary for the motor to drive the carriage in a predetermined direction, and a magnetic clutch associated with the carriage motor for operating the slide whereby, when its switch is operated, the magnetic clutch will and the slide actuated. I

7. In a machine 'tool having means for'revolving a work piece, a carriage thereon, a slide on the carriage, a motor for operating the slide, a magnetic clutchassociated therewith, a switch operable by the carriage for connecting the motor and slide, a motor for the carriage, gearmotorand slide, a motor for the carriage, gearing iormoving it in opposite directions, a pair of magnetic clutches for connecting the motor to alternate sets of gearing, a switch operable by the slide for controlling the selection of said clutches, a starting switch for selecting the other of said clutches, a stopping switch for renderbe energized ing all of the clutches inoperative, a second carriage, a cross slide thereon, a motor for operating said cross slide transversely oi-the machine tool, gearing for said motor to move the cross slide in opposite directions, magnetic clutches associated with respective parts of the gearing for connecting the motor thereto, and limiting switches actuated by the movement of the cross slide for reversing and rendering inoperative said clutches.

9. In a machine tool having means for revolving a work piece, a carriage thereon. a slide on the carriage, a motor for operating the slide, a magnetic clutch associated therewith, a switch operable by the carriage for connecting the motor and slide, a motor for the carriage, gearing for moving it in opposite directions, a pair of magnetic clutches for connecting the motor to alternate sets of gearing, a switch operable by the slide iorcontrolling the selection of said clutches, a starting switch for selecting the other bf said clutches, a stopping switch tor remiering all'of the clutches inoperative, a second carriage, 5 a crossslide thereon, a motor for operating said cross slide transversely of the machine tool, gearing for said motor to move the cross slide in opposite directions, magnetic clutches associated with respective parts of the gearing for conil nesting the motor thereto, and limiting switchesactuated by the movement of the cross slide for reversing and rendering inoperative said clutches, the first of said clutches being operated by the last cross slide being rendered inoperative by the starting switch.

10. In a machine tool having means for rotatably supporting the work piece, oppositely-disposed carriages, cross slides mounted thereon,

, motor means for reciprocating one of said cross slides transversely, a switch operated by the cross slide for reversing its movement, and a switch for terminating its movement, a second motor means for moving the other carriage and cross slide longitudinally, a switch operated by the second cross slide for reversing the direction of movement or the'carriage longitudinally, a motor for the second cross slide, a switch .operable by the movement of the carriage for connecting the motor to the cross slide, and a stop switch operable by the second carriage adapted to render the movement of the carriage and second cross slide inoperative, and a common starter switch and a common electric circuit for all three motors.

11. In a machine tool having means for rotatably supporting the work piece, oppositely-disposed carriages, cross' slides mounted thereon, motor means for reciprocating one of said cross slides transversely, a switch operated by the 40 xcross slide for reversing its movement, a switch for terminating its movement, a second motor means for moving the other carriage and cross slide longitudinally, a switch operated by the second cross slide for reversing the direction of 5 movement of the carriage longitudinally, a motor for the "second cross slide, a switch operable by the movement of the carriage for connecting the motor to the cross slide, a stop switch operable by the second carriage adapted to render the movement of the carriage and second cross slide inoperative, acommon starter switch, a common electric circuifiior all three motors, a rheostat for reducing the speed inwardly of the firsteross slide, and a rheostat for reducing the speed longitudinally of the second cross slide.

12. In a machine tool having means for rotatably supporting the work piece, oppositelydisposed carriages, cross slides mounted thereon, motor means for reciprocating one of said. cross slides transversely, a switch operated by the cross slide for reversing its movement, a switch for terminating its movement,.a second motor mesns for moving the other carriage and cross slide longitudinally, a switch operated by the second cross slide tor reversing the direction oi.

movement of the carriage longitudinally, a motor tor the second cross slide, a. switch operable by thelmovement of the carriage ior co'nnecting the motor to the cross slide, a stop switch oper- 7o"able By the second carriage adapted to render the movement oi the carriage and'second cross slide inoperative, a common starter switch, a common electric'circuit' ,tor all three motors, arheostat for reducing-the speed inwardly oi! 75 the Ir cross-slide, a for reducing the gear mechanism and selective speed longitudinally of the second cross slide. and means associated with the switch for reversing the movement of the first cross slide and the return movement of the second carriage whereby said rheostats are shunted. 6

13. In a machine tool having means for rotatably supporting the work piece, oppositelycommon electric circuit for said motors, re-

versing magnetic switches and gearing tor the first two motors, a magnetic clutch ior the 15' third motor, a common starting switch for all motors, and switches operable by the cross slides and first mentioned carriage for controlling the movements of the first carriage and the two cross slides.

14. In combination in a machine tool having means for rotatably supporting the work pleas. a pair of carriages, cross slides thereon, a motor carried by one carriage for operating its cross slide, a motor at one end of the machine tool for operating that carriage having a change gear mechanism and selective magnetic clutches, similar mechanism at the other end of the machine tool for operating the cross slide on the second carriage, a common electric 0 circuit, a magnetic clutch in said circuit for connecting the cross slide motor on the first carriage to the cross slide, and a system of switches operable by the movements of the first carriage and the two cross slides for energizing 3 said magnetic chit-shes whereby the first earriage moves longitudinally to left and to the right and its cross slide moves outwardly and the second cross slide moves inwardly and outwardly on a stationary carriage.

15. In combination in a machine tool having means forrotatably supporting the'work piece, a pair of carriages, cross slides thereon, a motor carried by one carriage for operating'its cross slide, a motor at one end of the machine 45 tool .for operating that carriage having a change magnetic clutches, similar mechanism at the other end of the machine tool for operating the cross slide onthe second carriage, a common electric 59 circuit, a magnetic clutch in said circuit for connecting the cross. slide motor on the first carriage to the cross slide, and a system of switches operable by the movement of the first carriage and the two cross slides for energizing 55 cross slide, a motbr at one end of the machine tool for operating that'carriage having a change gear mechanism and selective magnetic clutches, similar mechanism at the other o! the -machine tool iozr operating :the cross slide on the second carriage/a common electric circuit; a magnetic clutch in said circuit to rconnecting the cross slide motor on the first carriage to the cross slide,-and a system oi.

switches operable'by the movements or the first-7i to the rightand its cross slide moves outwardly -V and the second cross slide moves inwardly and carriage and the two cross slides for energiz ing said magnetic clutches whereby the first carriage moves longitudinally to the left and outwardly on a. stationary carriage, and speed control .,means for the respective motors on either end. of the machine tool.

1'7. In combination in a machine tool having means for rotatably supporting the work piece,v

a pair of carriages, cross slides thereon, a motor carried by one carriage for operating its cross slide, a motor at one end of the machine tool for operating that carriage having a change gear mechanism and selective -magnetic clutches, similar mechanism at the other end of themachine .toolfor operating the cross slide on the the cross slide motor on the first carriage to the cross slide, and a system of switches operable by the movements of-the first carriage and the two cross slides for energizing said magnetic clutches whereby the firstcarriage moves longitudinally to the left and to the right and, its

cross slidemoves outwardly and the second cross slide moves inwardly and outwardly ona sta-( tionary carriage, speed control means for. the respective motors on either end; of the machine 'tool, and means during. the reversing of the mechanisin'connected thereto for shunting said sp ed control means.

18. In a machine tool, electric power means, a

carriage,- a-tool slide mounted thereon carrying a tool,- an electric motor associated with saidcarriage for moving said slide, electric means to-reverse the application, of power from said motorto said tool slide, and means to control said reversal by the movement of said tool slide.

tric power-means to move said carriage, an electric motor'oarried by the carriage for operating said slide and operably connected thereto, and means controlling said slide operating motor operated by the movement of said carriage.

20. In a machine tool, a carriage, a tool slide,

- a tool moving mearg, electric power means to limit switch means operable, by the movement Y of the tool moving means to operate said mag-- netmeans,

21; 'In -afmachine tool, a can'iage andsame comprising a tool moving means, an electric 20 motor driving said carriage, an electric motor driving said tool slide, limit switches operated by the movement of said carriage and said slide,

said switches controlling'said motors. I 22. In a machine tool, a carriage and slide 25 comprising a tool moving means, an electric motor driving said carriage, an electric'motor driving said tool slide, limit switches operated by. the movement of said carriage and said slide, said switches controlling said motors, and magg 30 net means associated with at least one of said motors so'controlled by saidlimit switch means --as to determine the direction of driving by said motor.

19. In a, machine tool, a carriage, a slide, elec- CLJFFORD A. BICKEL. A 5 

